ISO-8859-1
ISO-8859-1 is the default character in HTML 4.01.
ISO (The International Standards Organization) defines the standard character sets for different alphabets/languages.
The different variants of ISO-8859 are listed at the bottom of this page.
ISO-8859-1 and ASCII
The first part of ISO-8859-1 (entity numbers from 0-127) is the original ASCII character-set. It contains numbers, upper and lowercase English letters, and some special characters.
For a closer look, please study our Complete ASCII Reference.
The codes from 128 to 159 are not in use in ISO-8859-1, but many browsers will display the characters from the ANSI (Windows-1252) character set instead of nothing.
For a closer look, please study our Complete ANSI Reference.
ISO-8859-1 Symbols
The next part of ISO-8859-1 (codes from 160-191) contains commonly used special characters.
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
|   | | non-breaking space | |
| ¡ | ¡ | inverted exclamation mark | |
| ¢ | ¢ | ¢ | cent |
| £ | £ | £ | pound |
| ¤ | ¤ | currency | |
| ¥ | ¥ | ¥ | yen |
| ¦ | ¦ | ¦ | broken vertical bar |
| § | § | § | section |
| ¨ | ¨ | ¨ | spacing diaeresis |
| © | © | © | copyright |
| ª | ª | ª | feminine ordinal indicator |
| « | « | « | angle quotation mark (left) |
| ¬ | ¬ | negation | |
| | ­ | ­ | soft hyphen |
| ® | ® | ® | registered trademark |
| ¯ | ¯ | ¯ | spacing macron |
| ° | ° | ° | degree |
| ± | ± | ± | plus-or-minus |
| ² | ² | ² | superscript 2 |
| ³ | ³ | ³ | superscript 3 |
| ´ | ´ | spacing acute | |
| µ | µ | µ | micro |
| ¶ | ¶ | paragraph | |
| · | · | · | middle dot |
| . | ¸ | ¸ | spacing cedilla |
| ª | ¹ | ¹ | superscript 1 |
| º | º | masculine ordinal indicator | |
| » | » | » | angle quotation mark (right) |
| 1/4 | ¼ | ¼ | fraction 1/4 |
| 1/2 | ½ | ½ | fraction 1/2 |
| 3/4 | ¾ | ¾ | fraction 3/4 |
| ¿ | ¿ | inverted question mark |
ISO-8859-1 Characters
The higher part of ISO-8859-1 (codes from 192-255, except 215 and 247) contains characters used in Western European countries.
| Character | Entity Number | Entity Name | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| À | À | À | capital a, grave accent |
| Á | Á | Á | capital a, acute accent |
| Â | Â | Â | capital a, circumflex accent |
| Ã | Ã | Ã | capital a, tilde |
| Ä | Ä | Ä | capital a, umlaut mark |
| Å | Å | Å | capital a, ring |
| Æ | Æ | Æ | capital ae |
| C | Ç | Ç | capital c, cedilla |
| E | È | È | capital e, grave accent |
| E | É | É | capital e, acute accent |
| E | Ê | Ê | capital e, circumflex accent |
| E | Ë | Ë | capital e, umlaut mark |
| I | Ì | Ì | capital i, grave accent |
| I | Í | Í | capital i, acute accent |
| I | Î | Î | capital i, circumflex accent |
| I | Ï | Ï | capital i, umlaut mark |
| Ð | Ð | Ð | capital eth, Icelandic |
| Ñ | Ñ | Ñ | capital n, tilde |
| O | Ò | Ò | capital o, grave accent |
| O | Ó | Ó | capital o, acute accent |
| O | Ô | Ô | capital o, circumflex accent |
| O | Õ | Õ | capital o, tilde |
| O | Ö | Ö | capital o, umlaut mark |
| × | × | × | multiplication |
| Ø | Ø | Ø | capital o, slash |
| U | Ù | Ù | capital u, grave accent |
| U | Ú | Ú | capital u, acute accent |
| U | Û | Û | capital u, circumflex accent |
| U | Ü | Ü | capital u, umlaut mark |
| Y | Ý | Ý | capital y, acute accent |
| Þ | Þ | Þ | capital THORN, Icelandic |
| ß | ß | ß | small sharp s, German |
| a | à | à | small a, grave accent |
| a | á | á | small a, acute accent |
| a | â | â | small a, circumflex accent |
| a | ã | ã | small a, tilde |
| a | ä | ä | small a, umlaut mark |
| a | å | å | small a, ring |
| a | æ | æ | small ae |
| c | ç | ç | small c, cedilla |
| e | è | è | small e, grave accent |
| e | é | é | small e, acute accent |
| e | ê | ê | small e, circumflex accent |
| e | ë | ë | small e, umlaut mark |
| i | ì | ì | small i, grave accent |
| i | í | í | small i, acute accent |
| i | î | î | small i, circumflex accent |
| i | ï | ï | small i, umlaut mark |
| ð | ð | small eth, Icelandic | |
| n | ñ | ñ | small n, tilde |
| o | ò | ò | small o, grave accent |
| o | ó | ó | small o, acute accent |
| o | ô | ô | small o, circumflex accent |
| o | õ | õ | small o, tilde |
| o | ö | ö | small o, umlaut mark |
| ÷ | ÷ | ÷ | division |
| ø | ø | small o, slash | |
| u | ù | ù | small u, grave accent |
| u | ú | ú | small u, acute accent |
| u | û | û | small u, circumflex accent |
| u | ü | ü | small u, umlaut mark |
| y | ý | ý | small y, acute accent |
| þ | þ | þ | small thorn, Icelandic |
| y | ÿ | ÿ | small y, umlaut mark |
Variants of ISO-8859
| Character set | Description | Covers |
|---|---|---|
| ISO-8859-1 | Latin alphabet part 1 | North America, Western Europe, Latin America, the Caribbean, Canada, Africa |
| ISO-8859-2 | Latin alphabet part 2 | Eastern Europe |
| ISO-8859-3 | Latin alphabet part 3 | SE Europe, Esperanto, miscellaneous others |
| ISO-8859-4 | Latin alphabet part 4 | Scandinavia/Baltics (and others not in ISO-8859-1) |
| ISO-8859-5 | Latin/Cyrillic part 5 | The languages that are using a Cyrillic alphabet such as Bulgarian, Belarusian, Russian and Macedonian |
| ISO-8859-6 | Latin/Arabic part 6 | The languages that are using the Arabic alphabet |
| ISO-8859-7 | Latin/Greek part 7 | The modern Greek language as well as mathematical symbols derived from the Greek |
| ISO-8859-8 | Latin/Hebrew part 8 | The languages that are using the Hebrew alphabet |
| ISO-8859-9 | Latin 5 part 9 | The Turkish language. Same as ISO-8859-1 except Turkish characters replace Icelandic ones |
| ISO-8859-10 | Latin 6 Lappish, Nordic, Eskimo | The Nordic languages |
| ISO-8859-15 | Latin 9 (aka Latin 0) | Similar to ISO-8859-1 but replaces some less common symbols with the euro sign and some other missing characters |
| ISO-2022-JP | Latin/Japanese part 1 | The Japanese language |
| ISO-2022-JP-2 | Latin/Japanese part 2 | The Japanese language |
| ISO-2022-KR | Latin/Korean part 1 | The Korean language |