從HTML4移植到HTML5
本章是完全有關如何遷移從HTML4到HTML5。
本章將介紹如何在HTML4頁面轉換成HTML5頁面，不破壞原有內容或結構的任何東西。
您可以從遷移到XHTML HTML5，使用相同的配方。
| 典型的HTML4 | 典型的HTML5 |
|---|---|
| <div id="header"> | <header> |
| <div id="menu"> | <nav> |
| <div id="content"> | <section> |
| <div class="article"> | <article> |
| <div id="footer"> | <footer> |
一個典型的HTML4頁
例
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<title>HTML4</title>
<style>
body {font-family:Verdana,sans-serif;font-size:0.8em;}
div#header,div#footer,div#content,div#post
{border:1px solid grey;margin:5px;margin-bottom:15px;padding:8px;background-color:white;}
div#header,div#footer {color:white;background-color:#444;margin-bottom:5px;}
div#content {background-color:#ddd;}
div#menu ul {margin:0;padding:0;}
div#menu ul li {display:inline; margin:5px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="header">
<h1>Monday Times</h1>
</div>
<div id="menu">
<ul>
<li>News</li>
<li>Sports</li>
<li>Weather</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div id="content">
<h2>News Section</h2>
<div id="post">
<h2>News Article</h2>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
</div>
<div id="post">
<h2>News Article</h2>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="footer">
<p>&copy; 2014 Monday Times. All rights reserved.</p>
</div>
</body>
</html> 試一試» 切換到HTML5文檔類型
更改文檔類型 ，從HTML4文檔類型：
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">到HTML5文檔類型：
更改為HTML5編碼
更改編碼信息，從HTML4：
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">為HTML5：
添加Shiv
HTML5語義元素在所有現代瀏覽器都支持。
此外，你可以"teach"舊的瀏覽器如何處理"unknown elements" 。
添加the shiv的Internet Explorer支持：
例
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script>
<![endif]--> 試一試» 閱讀有關the shiv在瀏覽器支持HTML5 。
添加CSS的HTML5語義元素
看看你現有的CSS樣式：
div#header,div#footer,div#content,div#post {
border:1px solid grey;margin:5px;margin-bottom:15px;padding:8px;background-color:white;
}
div#header,div#footer {
color:white;background-color:#444;margin-bottom:5px;
}
div#content {
background-color:#ddd;
}
div#menu ul {
margin:0;padding:0;
}
div#menu ul li {
display:inline; margin:5px;
}具有相同的CSS樣式HTML5語義元素複製：
例
header,footer,section,article {
border:1px solid grey;margin:5px;margin-bottom:15px;padding:8px;background-color:white;
}
header,footer {
color:white;background-color:#444;margin-bottom:5px;
}
section {
background-color:#ddd;
}
nav ul {
margin:0;padding:0;
}
nav ul li {
display:inline; margin:5px;
} 試一試» 更改為HTML5 <header>和<footer>
改變<div>的元素id="header"和id="footer" ：
<div id="header">
<h1>Monday Times</h1>
</div>
.
.
.
<div id="footer">
<p>&copy; 2014 w3ii. All rights reserved.</p>
</div>到HTML5語義<header>和<footer>元素：
例
<header>
<h1>Monday Times</h1>
</header>
.
.
.
<footer>
<p>© 2014 w3ii. All rights reserved.</p>
</footer> 試一試» 變化到HTML5 <nav>
改變<div>與元素id="menu" ：
<div id="menu">
<ul>
<li>News</li>
<li>Sports</li>
<li>Weather</li>
</ul>
</div>為HTML5語義<NAV>元素：
變化到HTML5 <section>
改變<div>與元素id="content" ：
<div id="content">
.
.
.
</div>為HTML5語義<節>元素：
變化到HTML5 <article>
改變所有<div>與元素class="post"
<div class="post">
<h2>News Article</h2>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
</div>到HTML5語義<article>元素：
例
<article>
<h2>News Article</h2>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
</article> 試一試» 除去這些"no longer needed" <style>元素：
例
div#header,div#footer,div#content,div#post {
border:1px solid grey;margin:5px;margin-bottom:15px;padding:8px;background-color:white;
}
div#header,div#footer {
color:white;background-color:#444;margin-bottom:5px;
}
div#content {
background-color:#ddd;
}
div#menu ul {
margin:0;padding:0;
}
div#menu ul li {
display:inline; margin:5px;
} 試一試» 一個典型的HTML5頁面
最後，你可以刪除<head>標籤。 他們不需要在HTML5：
例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<title>HTML5</title>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<!--[if lt IE 9]>
<script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js">
</script>
<![endif]-->
<style>
body {
font-family:Verdana,sans-serif;font-size:0.8em;
}
header,footer,section,article {
border:1px solid grey;
margin:5px;margin-bottom:15px;padding:8px;
background-color:white;
}
header,footer {
color:white;background-color:#444;margin-bottom:5px;
}
section {
background-color:#ddd;
}
nav ul {
margin:0;padding:0;
}
nav ul li {
display:inline; margin:5px;
}
</style>
<body>
<header>
<h1>Monday Times</h1>
</header>
<nav>
<ul>
<li>News</li>
<li>Sports</li>
<li>Weather</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<section>
<h2>News Section</h2>
<article>
<h2>News Article</h2>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
</article>
<article>
<h2>News Article</h2>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
<p>Ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum lurum hurum turum ipsum
lurum hurum turum.</p>
</article>
</section>
<footer>
<p>&copy; 2014 Monday Times. All rights reserved.</p>
</footer>
</body>
</html> 試一試» 的差異<article> <section>和<div>
有一個混淆(lack of)在HTML5標準差，間<article> <section>和<div>
在HTML5標準中， <section>元素被定義為相關元素的塊。
所述<article>元素被定義為相關的元素的完整的，自包含塊。
所述<div>元素被定義為子元素的塊。
如何解釋呢？
在上面的例子中，我們已經使用<section>作為用於相關的容器<articles> 。
但是，我們可以使用<article>作為物品的容器以及。
這裡有一些不同的例子：
<article>在<article> ：
<article>
<h2>Famous Cities</h2>
<article>
<h2>London</h2>
<p>London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.</p>
</article>
<article>
<h2>Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital and most populous city of France.</p>
</article>
<article>
<h2>Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area,
and the most populous metropolitan area in the world.</p>
</article>
</article> 試一試» <div>在<article> ：
<article>
<h2>Famous Cities</h2>
<div class="city">
<h2>London</h2>
<p>London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.</p>
</div>
<div class="city">
<h2>Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital and most populous city of France.</p>
</div>
<div class="city">
<h2>Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area,
and the most populous metropolitan area in the world.</p>
</div>
</article> 試一試» <div>在<section>在<article> ：
<article>
<section>
<h2>Famous Cities</h2>
<div class="city">
<h2>London</h2>
<p>London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.</p>
</div>
<div class="city">
<h2>Paris</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital and most populous city of France.</p>
</div>
<div class="city">
<h2>Tokyo</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area,
and the most populous metropolitan area in the world.</p>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h2>Famous Countries</h2>
<div class="country">
<h2>England</h2>
<p>London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.</p>
</div>
<div class="country">
<h2>France</h2>
<p>Paris is the capital and most populous city of France.</p>
</div>
<div class="country">
<h2>Japan</h2>
<p>Tokyo is the capital of Japan, the center of the Greater Tokyo Area,
and the most populous metropolitan area in the world.</p>
</div>
</section>
</article> 試一試»