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AngularJS ng-model Directive


The ng-model directive binds the value of HTML controls (input, select, textarea) to application data.


The ng-model Directive

With the ng-model directive you can bind the value of an input field to a variable created in AngularJS.

Example

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
    Name: <input ng-model="name">
</div>

<script>
var app = angular.module('myApp', []);
app.controller('myCtrl', function($scope) {
    $scope.name = "John Doe";
});
</script>
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Two-Way Binding

The binding goes both ways. If the user changes the value inside the input field, the AngularJS property will also change it's value:

Example

<div ng-app="myApp" ng-controller="myCtrl">
    Name: <input ng-model="name">
    <h1>You entered: {{name}}</h1>
</div>
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Validate User Input

The ng-model directive can provide type validation for application data (number, e-mail, required):

Example

<form ng-app="" name="myForm">
    Email:
    <input type="email" name="myAddress" ng-model="text">
    <span ng-show="myForm.myAddress.$error.email">Not a valid e-mail address</span>
</form>
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In the example above, the span will be displayed only if the expression in the ng-show attribute returns true.

If the property in the ng-model attribute does not exist, AngularJS will create one for you.


Application Status

The ng-model directive can provide status for application data (invalid, dirty, touched, error):

Example

<form ng-app="" name="myForm" ng-init="myText = '[email protected]'">
    Email:
    <input type="email" name="myAddress" ng-model="myText" required>
    <h1>Status</h1>
    {{myForm.myAddress.$valid}}
    {{myForm.myAddress.$dirty}}
    {{myForm.myAddress.$touched}}
</form>
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CSS Classes

The ng-model directive provides CSS classes for HTML elements, depending on their status:

Example

<style>
input.ng-invalid {
    background-color: lightblue;
}
</style>
<body>

<form ng-app="" name="myForm">
    Enter your name:
    <input name="myAddress" ng-model="text" required>
</form>
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The ng-model directive adds/removes the following classes, according to the status of the form field:

  • ng-empty
  • ng-not-empty
  • ng-touched
  • ng-untouched
  • ng-valid
  • ng-invalid
  • ng-dirty
  • ng-pending
  • ng-pristine